Lunar Apocalypse: Moon crust smashed by meteorites, NASA says

Lunar crust was almost entirely shattered due to asteroids and comets’ past “bombing” of Earth’s natural satellite, according to measurements taken by two space probes that are part of American GRAIL mission, informs AFP.

NASA reveals that Moon experienced real Apocalypse during bombardment with meteorites and asteroids. Photo:realitatea.net

This finding surprised the U.S. scientists whose study was published Wednesday in the journal Science. “I knew that terrestrial planets in the solar system suffered numerous impacts several billion years ago, but nobody thought that the lunar surface was so much bombed,” said Maria Zuber, a professor of geophysics at the renowned Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the United States and coordinator of space mission GRAIL (Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory).

In total, 98% of the lunar crust was fragmented, she said: “It is really a big surprise, and this discovery will force many researchers rethink the history of planets evolution.”
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The twin spacecrafts that are into Moon’s orbit since January have made very precise measurements of the lunar gravitational field, showing the distribution of masses but also the thickness and composition of different coatings of the moon, to its core.

The U.S. space probes revealed that Moon’s crust is much thinner than scientists had initially believed. It has a thickness of 34-43 km, thus being 6 to 12 km thinner than researchers had thought. “With such a crust thickness, the lunar composition is similar to Earth’s, and that fact strengthens the theory that Moon formed from terrestrial material ejected from an enormous impact that occurred in the early stage of the Solar System formation process,”explained Mark Wieczorek of the Institute of Earth Physics in Paris, author of one of the three studies based on data provided by GRAIL space mission. These studies were presented at the annual conference of the American Geophysical Union held in San Francisco and published on the website of the U.S. magazine Science. Compared to the surface, Moon’s inner part seems to be remarkably uniform. In fact, NASA scientists discovered that most variations of the lunar gravity field come from surface geological formations – mountains and craters.

Excepting the vast impact basins, the outer crust of the Moon is devoid of dense terrestrial structures. It is probably made of porous or powdered materials. Map of moon’s internal layers showed denser masses formed from volcanic magma that flowed in large rifts before to solidify and form dense telluric walls.